This was reflected in a survey by the Coalition Against Insurance Fraud in 2012, that found that 88 percent of insurers are employing anti-fraud technology such as business rules engines, predictive analytics and link analysis tools. However less than half are using technology for non-claims functions, such as underwriting fraud.

Premium or underwriting fraud occurs when someone intentionally conceals or misrepresents information when obtaining insurance coverage at any stage in the policy life cycle. For example: a consumer might underestimate the value of their property; a consumer might front other drivers on an auto policy; or a business owner might underreport payroll or misclassify the business in order to reduce workers' compensation premiums.

In addition, analysis has shown that a substantial proportion of claims fraud originates from fraudulent applications. Insurance companies that can reduce underwriting fraud can significantly decrease the exposure to certain types of claims fraud.

Buying from insurers directly online is increasing globally and in many countries is the predominant distribution channel for personal insurance. Unfortunately, this growth in online and direct insurance has created a lucrative market for an emerging trend known as “ghost brokering.”

A recent exposé of this criminal activity revealed that many customers could be driving uninsured after having been tricked into paying for a faulty or bogus insurance policy. A ghost broker will offer significantly cheaper insurance than legitimate insurance agents by altering key quote details to get a lower premium for the insured. For instance, a ghost broker might transpose the applicant's year of birth, changing 1968 to 1986.

Ghost brokers operate through websites or small ads that target young motorists who face rocketing premiums or individuals who lack an understanding about the way the insurance industry works. These ghost brokers then charge the consumer a fee for their service. To justify why they can offer lower prices, many ghost brokers claim to be an insurance company staff member, explaining that the reduced rates are due to staff discounts. One red flag for customers to watch out for is that many ghost brokers will ask for an initial payment in cash.

The unfortunate part of this scam is that the policies these unsuspecting victims purchase are essentially worthless. In the event of an accident, they will not be covered.

Insurance companies have begun to implement analytics to look at characteristics of an application that suggest ghost brokering is taking place. For example, the same address or credit card may be used on multiple policies. Another method deploys statistical analysis and cross-referencing information like date of birth and driver's license information with industry databases to determine if the insured is attempting premium fraud through rate manipulation.

Insurance is fiercely competitive, with consumers often choosing an insurer based on price. To ensure rating integrity and prevent billions of dollars in premium leakage, insurers need to implement analytical technologies and conduct sophisticated data analysis in real time. Together, these techniques are powerful deterrents for would-be fraudsters, such as ghost brokers, who seek to profit at the expense of insurance companies and their honest policyholders.