In the modern workplace, discrimination typically manifests itself in subtle forms. Corporate managers rarely utter discriminatory remarks or act in an overtly discriminatory manner.
If an executive is foolhardy enough to act overly discriminatory, however, employers often have no alternative but to terminate the executive and to make amends to affected workers, thereby eliminating the conditions which lead to litigation.
It is for this reason that employment discrimination litigation now generally involves circumstantial evidence. Plaintiff lawyers must prove a negative–that the only explanation for the treatment of their client is discrimination. To do this, plaintiffs typically attempt to prove their cases circumstantially, by creating doubt about the employer's claimed reason for the personnel decision at issue. (See infographic.)
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