If you own a vehicle, and you have (or are supposed to have) an auto insurance policy, this information applies to that policy. A standard auto insurance policy covers liability, damages and injuries you might cause to others in event of an accident, medical payments if you are injured in an accident, and physical damage if your vehicle is damaged in an accident. These are the basic coverages. There are of course additional coverages available, but these are the major coverages.

However, there are some additional coverages that are extremely helpful to have. These are added by endorsements, forms that modify the policy, and there is typically an additional premium charged for these coverages. For some insureds, these endorsements are an absolute necessity. Let's look at a few.

The first one is the Auto Loan/Lease Coverage endorsement, or gap coverage as it is commonly called. This is essential if you buy a brand new car off the lot and have a loan of more than around four years. Vehicles depreciate as soon as you take them off the lot, and continue to depreciate significantly over the first few years. If you have a loan or a lease on the vehicle and the vehicle is totaled within the first few years, you are apt to be overfinanced, which means you owe more on the loan than the vehicle is currently worth. Your policy will pay you what the vehicle is worth, and that's all. But what about the remaining loan amount? That's something for you to work out with the lender. No one wants to be in this position, so the Loan/Lease endorsement is your friend. It will pay the difference between the value of the vehicle and the remaining loan or lease amount. The vehicle must be listed on the endorsement, and a premium is charged. Be aware that if you are behind in your payments on the loan those catch up payments are not covered, but the remaining amount of the loan is.

Another very valuable endorsement is the Trip Interruption form.  If your vehicle breaks down more than 100 miles from home and it is out of service for more than 24 hours, this coverage applies. Coverage is for transportation, lodging and meals if your vehicle is out of commission due to a collision or other than collision loss or mechanical or electrical breakdown. Being stranded away from home with a non-working vehicle is disconcerting to say the least; this coverage provides peace of mind while you are waiting on repairs. The coverage lasts for the period of time until you are able to resume travel under a prearranged itenary or return home. This coverage pays excess over auto clubs or vehicle warranties.

Cars are expensive, and more and more people are co-signing loans for others or buying vehicles together with another person. This is all well and good for relatives living in the same household, but if relatives don't live in the same household, or unrelated people living together buy a car together, the standard auto policy will not provide coverage for both. That's where the Joint Ownership Coverage comes in. It is designed for relatives not living in the household together or unrelated individuals living in the same household who share the title to a vehicle. The vehicle must be scheduled on the form, and the standard auto coverages apply except for liability for the ownership, use or maintenance or any vehicle other than the covered auto by a nonresident relative or family member of a nonresident relative. This coverage can be added by simply indicating it on the endorsement form.

Ride-sharing has become incredibly popular, with many people driving for Uber and Lyft for extra money or even as their full time job. When the Transportation Network Companies (TNC) first came on the scene, there were some insurance issues that many drivers weren't immediately aware of. One was the standard exclusion for using the vehicle for a public conveyance. This removes coverage anytime the driver is looking to find a passenger to take somewhere using the TNC platform. As ride-sharing grew, an exclusion was specifically added that removed coverage when a driver was  using the TNC platform to find passengers or transport passengers to their final destination. While the TNC companies provided coverage once the driver had picked up the passenger, there was a gap in coverage when the driver had logged into the TNC, but had not yet picked up a passenger.

Therefore the Transportation Network Driver Coverage (Without Passenger) form was developed. This endorsement provides coverage during that gap period, when the driver is logged onto the platform but has not yet picked up a passenger. As usual the vehicle must be listed on the form and the coverages desired must be selected; liability, medical payments, collision, etc. Coverage applies only for the vehicle listed in the form, and for the coverages for which a premium shows. It is very important to be sure the endorsement is filled out correctly.

There is a host of other endorsements that can be added to auto policies, and many vary by state. But these forms are particularly important to know about, as they provide excellent coverage that you may not have been aware you needed.

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