February 27, 2017

Federal

Pre-Drilling

“A request for approval of hydraulic fracturing must be submitted by the operator and approved by the authorized officer before commencement of operations.” (43 C.F.R. § 3162.3-3). Must monitor and verify cementing and do mechanical integrity testing prior to drilling.

Water Protection

“The operator must isolate all usable water and other mineral-bearing formations and protect them from contamination. Tests and surveys of the effectiveness of such measures shall be conducted by the operator using procedures and practices approved or prescribed by the authorized officer.” 43 C.F.R. § 3162.5-2

Waste Handling

Plan of operations and application must include waste disposal. See 40 C.F.R. § 146.64 regarding waste injection wells.

Earthquakes

“You must submit the following information about your spill control and emergency preparedness plan. . . . . Contingency plans for conditions and emergencies other than spills, such as if your area of operations is located in areas prone to hurricanes, flooding, tornadoes, fires, or earthquakes.” 50 C.F.R. § 29.94

Insurance

Consult the EPA

Citations

43 C.F.R. § 3160.0-1 through 43 C.F.R. § 3165.4; Clean Water Act; 40 C.F.R. § 146.64; 50 C.F.R. § 29.94

Alabama

Pre-Drilling

Consult Alabama Oil and Gas Board, Geological Survey of Alabama.

Water Protection

Consult Alabama Oil and Gas Board, Geological Survey of Alabama.

Waste Handling

See AL ST chapter 17 – oil and gas for injection wells

Earthquakes

Consult Alabama Oil and Gas Board, Geological Survey of Alabama.

Insurance

Consult Alabama Oil and Gas Board, Geological Survey of Alabama

.

Citations

AL ST § 9-17-1 through 24

Alaska

Pre-Drilling

Consult AOGCC

Water Protection

Consult AOGCC

Waste Handling

Consult AOGCC

Earthquakes

Consult AOGCC

Insurance

Consult AOGCC

Citations

Alaska Regulations.

Arizona

Pre-Drilling

Must report fracking activities to AZOGCC.

Water Protection

Must report water contamination to AZOGCC and take steps to remedy.

Waste Handling

Consult AZOGCC

Earthquakes

Consult AZOGCC

Insurance

Consult AZOGCC

Citations

Arizona Geology Magazine

Arkansas

Pre-Drilling

Consult Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission. For permits to drill see: Alabama Oil and Gas Board, Geological Survey of Alabama.

Water Protection

Consult AOGC

Waste Handling

House Bill 1396 was withdrawn. If pursued it would have required public disclosure of chemical additives.

Earthquakes

Consult AOGC

Insurance

Consult AOGC

Citations

Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission

California

Pre-Drilling

Well construction standards must comply with California Public Resources Code sections 3106, 3203, 3211, 3220, 3222, 3224, 3255; Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, sections 1722.2, 1722.3, 1722.4.

Water Protection

Well casing must be used to prevent water pollution. Must file monthly well statements. If abandoning well must take steps to prevent against water pollution after abandonment.

Waste Handling

Consult California Department of Conservation.

Earthquakes

Natural Resources Agency must conduct independent study on environmental effects including seismic activity.

Insurance

Must get indemnity bond or insurance before drilling.

Citations

California Department of Conservation; Cal. Pub. Res. Code § 3000 through 3541.

Colorado

Pre-Drilling

Must gather water data downstream of site pre-drilling and in nearby wells for later comparison.

Water Protection

Re-test water three months after drilling finished to compare to pre-drill sample. Sample again six to twelve months and five to six years.

Waste Handling

Flowback must be collected in tanks. Consult EPA underground injection council (UIC).

Earthquakes

Consult Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Insurance

Consult Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission

Citations

Hydraulic Fracking Rules; CO ST § 34-60-105

Connecticut

Pre-Drilling

Moratorium.

Water Protection

Moratorium.

Waste Handling

Moratorium.

Earthquakes

Moratorium.

Insurance

Moratorium.

Citations

Connecticut General Assembly

District of Columbia

Pre-Drilling

Injection wells require registration, permits, and fees. Consult EPA and local authorities.

Water Protection

Consult EPA and local authorities.

Waste Handling

Consult EPA and local authorities.

Earthquakes

Consult EPA and local authorities.

Insurance

Consult EPA and local authorities.

Citations

D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 21, § 1805 through 1829

Delaware

Pre-Drilling

Permits required. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control.

Water Protection

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control.

Waste Handling

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control.

Earthquakes

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control.

Insurance

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control.

Citations

Code Del. Regs. 70 500 011 through Code Del. Regs. 70 500 011

Florida

Pre-Drilling

Consult Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Water Protection

Consult Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Waste Handling

Hazardous waste wells: Fla. Admin. Code Ann. r. 62-528.400 through 600. Consult Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Earthquakes

Consult Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Insurance

Consult Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Citations

Florida Rule 62C-29.002

Georgia

Pre-Drilling

Consult Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Injection wells regulated by Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

GA ST § 12-5-23; GA ST § 12-8-62; GA ST § 12-8-22

Hawaii

Pre-Drilling

“No injection well shall be constructed unless, prior to the start of any construction: Application is made for a UIC permit and all application procedures set forth in sections 11-23-12 through 11-23-15 are completed…”

Water Protection

Consult Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources.

Citations

Haw. Code R. 11-23-08

Idaho

Pre-Drilling

Consult Idaho Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Water Protection

Consult Idaho Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Waste Handling

Injection Wells: ID ST § 42-3908. Consult Idaho Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Earthquakes

Consult Idaho Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Insurance

Consult Idaho Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Citations

ID ST § 42-3908

Illinois

Pre-Drilling

Permit required. Must register with department.

Water Protection

Permit application must include: “a certification of compliance with the Water Use Act of 1983 and applicable regional water supply plans;… a fresh water withdrawal and management plan” 225 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 732/1-35.

Waste Handling

Permit application to include: “a plan for the handling, storage, transportation, and disposal or reuse of hydraulic fracturing fluids and hydraulic fracturing flowback.” 225 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 732/1-35

Earthquakes

“The Department shall adopt rules, in consultation with the Illinois State Geological Survey, establishing a protocol for controlling operational activity of Class II injection wells in an instance of induced seismicity.” (225 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 732/1-96). Depending on the instance this may include monitoring for safety or immediate cessation of fracking.

Insurance

“Proof of insurance to cover injuries, damages, or loss related to pollution or diminution in the amount of at least $5,000,000, from an insurance carrier authorized, licensed, or permitted to do this insurance business in this State that holds at least an A- rating by A.M. Best & Co. or any comparable rating service.” 225 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 732/1-35.

Citations

IL ST CH 225 § 732/1-1 through 1-140; IL ST CH 65 § 5/11-56-1

Indiana

Pre-Drilling

Application forms available at here.

Water Protection

Consult Indiana Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

House Bill 1049 failed; would have required disclosure of chemicals used. Consult Indiana Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Indiana Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Indiana Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Indiana Department of Natural Resources

Iowa

Pre-Drilling

Consult Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Iowa Department. of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Kansas

Pre-Drilling

Consult the Kansas Corporation Commission.

Water Protection

Consult the Kansas Corporation Commission.

Waste Handling

Permits for hazardous waste and injection wells: Kan. Stat. Ann. § 65-3439. Consult the Kansas Corporation Commission.

Earthquakes

Consult the Kansas Corporation Commission.

Insurance

Consult the Kansas Corporation Commission.

Citations

Kan. Stat. Ann. § 65-3439; Kansas Corporation Commission FAQs.

Kentucky

Pre-Drilling

Consult Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

See KY ST chapter 353 for injection well regulation. Consult Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources.

Citations

Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet, Department for Natural Resources

Louisiana

Pre-Drilling

Must apply for permit. Must notify nearby surface land owners at least thirty days before entering. Consult Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

“The commissioner shall promulgate rules, regulations, and orders necessary to require certification of water quality by the operator for surface water used in conjunction with oil and gas drilling operations before drilling begins which ensure ground water aquifer safety.”

Waste Handling

Injection wells: 43 La. Admin. Code Pt XVII, 209. Consult Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

LA R.S. 30:28; Louisiana Department of Natural Resources.

Maine

Pre-Drilling

Consult Maine Department of Environmental Protection. Permits can be found here.

Water Protection

Consult Maine Department of Environmental Protection.

Waste Handling

Regulated by Environmental Protection Board: ME ST title 38, chapter 3.

Earthquakes

Consult Maine Department of Environmental Protection.

Insurance

Consult Maine Department of Environmental Protection.

Citations

Maine Department of Environmental Protection

Maryland

Pre-Drilling

Moratorium.

Water Protection

Moratorium.

Waste Handling

Moratorium.

Earthquakes

Moratorium.

Insurance

Moratorium.

Citations

MD ENVIR § 14-107.1

Massachusetts

Pre-Drilling

Consult Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Well Driller Certification

Water Protection

Consult Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Well Driller Certification

Waste Handling

Consult Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Well Driller Certification

Earthquakes

Consult Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Well Driller Certification.

Insurance

Consult Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Well Driller Certification

Citations

Massachusetts Legislature.

Michigan

Pre-Drilling

Must apply for a permit.

Water Protection

“The disposal formation shall be isolated from fresh water strata by an impervious confining formation.” Mich. Admin, Code. R. 324.703. Proximity to water should be stated in permit application.

Waste Handling

Must dispose of waste in way approved by commissioner and in compliance with state and federal law.

Earthquakes

Contact Michigan Department of Environmental Quality.

Insurance

Contact Michigan Department of Environmental Quality.

Citations

Michigan Department of Environmental Quality; Mich. Admin. Code R. 324.101 through 1406

Minnesota

Pre-Drilling

Consult Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Water Protection

Consult Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Waste Handling

Consult Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Earthquakes

Consult Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Insurance

Consult Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Citations

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency.

Mississippi

Pre-Drilling

Consult Mississippi Oil and Gas Board.

Water Protection

Consult Mississippi Oil and Gas Board.

Waste Handling

Disposal of pollutants into wells: Code Miss. R. 11-6:1.1.4

Earthquakes

Consult Mississippi Oil and Gas Board.

Insurance

Consult Mississippi Oil and Gas Board.

Citations

Code Miss. R. 11-6:1.1.4

Missouri

Pre-Drilling

Consult Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Injection wells regulated by Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Missouri Clean Water Act Mo. Ann. Stat. § 644.006 through 150

Montana

Pre-Drilling

Injection well permits and fees: MT ST 82-11-137.

Water Protection

Consult Montana Board of Oil and Gas.

Waste Handling

Consult Montana Board of Oil and Gas.

Earthquakes

Consult Montana Board of Oil and Gas.

Insurance

Consult Montana Board of Oil and Gas.

Citations

MT ST 82-11-137

Nebraska

Pre-Drilling

Consult Nebraska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Water Protection

Consult Nebraska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Waste Handling

Must sample and analyze fluids in injection wells.

Earthquakes

Consult Nebraska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Insurance

Consult Nebraska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Citations

Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 57-901 through 923; Nebraska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission.

Nevada

Pre-Drilling

For state and federal permits, see Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. See for additional requirements by department.

Water Protection

Consult Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.

Waste Handling

Consult Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.

Earthquakes

Consult Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.

Insurance

Consult Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.

Citations

NV ST 522.119.

New Hampshire

Pre-Drilling

Consult Department of Environmental Services.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environmental Services.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environmental Services.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Services.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Services.

Citations

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services.

New Jersey

Pre-Drilling

Consult New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the EPA. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Must get permit for injection wells. If department determines plan is inadequate, must revise plan.

Water Protection

Consult New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the EPA. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area.

Waste Handling

Consult New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the EPA. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area.

Earthquakes

Consult New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the EPA. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area.

Insurance

Consult New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the EPA. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area.

Citations

N.J. Admin. Code § 7:14A-8.12; N.J. Admin. Code § 7:14A-8.1; 8.11

New Mexico

Pre-Drilling

Consult New Mexico Oil Conservation Division.

Water Protection

For state certification under the federal clean water act see N.M. Admin. Code 20.6.2.

Waste Handling

Consult New Mexico Oil Conservation Division.

Earthquakes

Consult New Mexico Oil Conservation Division.

Insurance

Consult New Mexico Oil Conservation Division.

Citations

N.M. Admin. Code 20.6.2

New York

Pre-Drilling

Moratorium.

Water Protection

Moratorium.

Waste Handling

Moratorium.

Earthquakes

Moratorium.

Insurance

Moratorium.

Citations

NY ENVIR CONSER § 23-0303; 9 NYCRR 7.41

North Carolina

Pre-Drilling

Consult the Environmental Management Commission, Mining and Energy Commission, and North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult the Environmental Management Commission, Mining and Energy Commission, and North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

“No well shall be used for recharge, injection or disposal purposes without prior permission from the Environmental Management Commission.” N.C. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 87-88.

Earthquakes

Consult the Environmental Management Commission, Mining and Energy Commission, and North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult the Environmental Management Commission, Mining and Energy Commission, and North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Citations

North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality.

North Dakota

Pre-Drilling

Consult NPDES and NDIC.

Water Protection

Must protect water with isolating operations and waste pits.

Waste Handling

Consult NPDES and NDIC. Waste must be properly disposed of in authorized facility.

Earthquakes

Consult NPDES and NDIC.

Insurance

Consult NPDES and NDIC.

Citations

North Dakota Department of Mineral Resources, Oil and Gas Division; N.D. Admin. Code 33-25-01-13

Ohio

Pre-Drilling

Must gather water data downstream and in nearby wells of site pre-drilling for later comparison.

Water Protection

Must compare water to pre-drilling samples. See waste well regulation at Ohio Admin. Code 3745-34-60.

Waste Handling

Brine and flowback water disposed of must be sent to an ODNR-permitted Class II injection well. If drill cuttings, muds, and the like are determined to be contaminated soil, they must be shipped off-site for disposal and managed as a solid waste under standard state practices.

Earthquakes

Consult Ohio Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Ohio Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Ohio Department of Natural Resources; OH ST § 1509.28

Oklahoma

Pre-Drilling

Consult the Corporation Commission.

Water Protection

Consult the Corporation Commission.

Waste Handling

Consult the Corporation Commission.

Earthquakes

Insurers must clarify whether their policies covering property or liability insurance cover earthquakes and other property or liability loss due to fracking.

Insurance

Consult the Corporation Commission.

Citations

Bulletin PC 2015-04, 2015 WL 6159221 (OK INS BUL); Bulletin PC 2015-02 (#2), 2015 WL 4726863 (OK INS BUL); Bulletin PC 2015-02, 2015 WL 917760 (OK INS BUL)

Oregon

Pre-Drilling

Must pay fees to the Department of Environmental Quality for injection wells.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Citations

Or. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 468B.196

Pennsylvania

Pre-Drilling

Must do pre-drilling water survey. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Consult Department of Environmental Protection if drilling anywhere in Pennsylvania.

Water Protection

Must disclose chemicals used. (H.B. 1950). Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Consult Department of Environmental Protection if drilling anywhere in Pennsylvania.

Waste Handling

Must provide waste handling procedures to get permit. Must do wastewater analysis as required by PADEP Form 26R. Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Consult Department of Environmental Protection if drilling anywhere in Pennsylvania.

Earthquakes

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Consult Department of Environmental Protection if drilling anywhere in Pennsylvania. Must conduct seismic monitoring around wells. Must shut down well if earthquake of 2.0 or higher caused.

Insurance

Consult Delaware River Basin Commission if drilling in that area. Consult Department of Environmental Protection if drilling anywhere in Pennsylvania.

Citations

Department of Environmental Protection; Robinson Township v. Commonwealth; PA ST 58 Pa.C.S.A. § 3222.1; PA ST 35 P.S. § 6020.702; Notice 2015-04, 2015 WL 3751700 (PA INS BUL);

Rhode Island

Pre-Drilling

“Class II wells are used to inject fluids that are brought to the surface in connection with natural gas storage operations or conventional oil or natural gas production; to enhance recovery of oil or natural gas…” Class II wells prohibited in Rhode Island (R.I. Code R. 25-16-1:6).

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environmental Management.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environmental Management.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Management.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Management.

Citations

R.I. Code R. 25-16-1:6; Department of Environmental Management.

South Carolina

Pre-Drilling

Consult South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and Department of Natural Resources. Must be permitted by Commission for class II well.

Water Protection

Consult South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and Department of Natural Resources. “Before any person shall be granted a permit to drill an underground injection well, such person shall file with the Commission a performance bond in accordance with Section 121-8.6.”

Citations

S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 121-8.22; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control.

South Dakota

Pre-Drilling

Underground injection permits required. Must get a permit for drilling or converting well and a permit for injecting fluids.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Citations

S.D. Admin. R. 74:55:01:25; Department of Environment and Natural Resources.

Tennessee

Pre-Drilling

Must get injection well permit and pay fees. Consult Department of Environment and Conservation.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environment and Conservation.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environment and Conservation.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environment and Conservation.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environment and Conservation.

Citations

Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0400-45-06-.09; Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0400-45-06-.03, .07, .11, .16, .17; Department of Environment and Conservation.

Texas

Pre-Drilling

For permits see: Texas Railroad Commission, Oil and Gas Division.

Water Protection

Consult Texas Railroad Commission, Oil and Gas Division.

Waste Handling

State and Clean Water Act covers wastewater disposal. Injection well permits: TX WATER § 27.051. Must follow Hydraulic Fracturing Disclosure Rule.

Earthquakes

Consult Texas Railroad Commission, Oil and Gas Division

Insurance

Consult Texas Railroad Commission, Oil and Gas Division

Citations

TX WATER § 27.051; Texas Railroad Commission, Oil and Gas Division; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality.

Utah

Pre-Drilling

Consult Utah Oil and Gas Division of Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program. Utah Admin. Code r. R317-7. Consult Utah Oil and Gas Division of Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Utah Oil and Gas Division of Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Utah Oil and Gas Division of Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Utah Oil and Gas Division of Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Utah Attorney General; Utah Admin. Code r. R317-7

Vermont

Pre-Drilling

Moratorium.

Water Protection

Moratorium.

Waste Handling

Moratorium.

Earthquakes

Moratorium.

Insurance

Moratorium.

Virginia

Pre-Drilling

Consult Department of Environmental Protection and Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environmental Protection and Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy.

Waste Handling

“Unless otherwise approved by the Secretary, facilities disposing of drill cuttings and associated drilling waste must sample their leachate monthly.” W. Va. Code R. 33-1-5. Must sample for chemical levels within parameter set by EPA. Must meet liner system requirements.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Protection and Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Protection and Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy.

Citations

VA ST § 62.1-194.1; VA ST § 45.1-361.3; VA ST § 1-248; W. Va. Code St. R. § 33-1-5; Virginia Division of Oil and Gas.

Washington

Pre-Drilling

Consult the Department of Ecology and Department of Natural Resources.

Water Protection

Consult the Department of Ecology and Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Ecology and Department of Natural Resources. “All injection well operations not operated in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, that cause or tend to cause entry of fluids into the waters of the state as a result of a violation of these provisions, constitutes pollution of the waters of the state in violation of RCW 90.48.080.”

Earthquakes

Consult the Department of Ecology and Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult the Department of Ecology and Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Wash. Admin. Code 173-218-060; Wash. Admin. Code 173-218-130

West Virginia

Pre-Drilling

Consult Department of Environmental Protection.

Water Protection

Consult Department of Environmental Protection.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Environmental Protection underground injection council (UIC) and consult Department of Environmental Protection.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Protection.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Protection.

Citations

West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection.

Wisconsin

Pre-Drilling

“Nonmetallic mining, in general, requires a storm water permit, but other permits may be required depending on location and need.” (regarding mining industrial sand to be used for fracking)

Water Protection

Consult Department of Natural Resources.

Waste Handling

Consult Department of Natural Resources.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Natural Resources.

Insurance

Consult Department of Natural Resources.

Citations

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.

Wyoming

Pre-Drilling

Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality recommends pre-drilling testing.

Water Protection

Consult Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality.

Waste Handling

Waste wells and underground injection control program regulated under authority of Department of Environmental Quality.

Earthquakes

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Insurance

Consult Department of Environmental Quality.

Citations

Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission; Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality; WY Rules and Regulations OIL GEN Ch. 3 s 45; 35-11-302.