Date Recognition
(Year 2000)
October 2004
In the late 1990s, many D&O insurers began issuing policies that contained exclusions for Year 2000 (Y2K) liabilities. These exclusions, known as date-recognition or Y2K exclusions, were issued because of perceived problems and potential liability arising from computer systems failing to recognize the last two digits of the year 2000. These exclusions were either incorporated in the basic D&O policy form or attached to the policy as a separate endorsement.
Prior to January 1, 2000, insurers recognized that failure of computer systems to recognize a year having “00″ as the last two digits could cause a wide range of problems for any business. Financial-accounting and banking systems could shut down or be unable to recognize, process, or post transactions. Critical mechanical systems, such as those needed to operate aircraft, automobiles or even medical life support equipment could also have been affected. If the corporation's income was adversely impacted, the shareholders could file a claim against the directors and officers of the company for failing to recognize the potential problem and take corrective measures. Such a claim might charge that the directors and officers failed to properly convert internal systems, protect against exposure, or to adequately describe the enormous potential cost of Y2K compliance or losses to shareholders. In the absence of a specific date-recognition exclusion, D&O insurance could be a critical asset in protecting the organization and its directors and officers from such suits.
Because a date-recognition problem may not manifest itself until months or even years later, some D&O insurers may still issue new and renewal policies with a date-recognition exclusion. Once a date-recognition problem is discovered, insureds could present a claim on a new or renewal policies that provide coverage for prior acts. Other insurers may instead require completion of a date-recognition exposure questionnaire in addition to initial or renewal coverage applications. For the most part, these insurers simply want to limit the potential for late-reported date-recognition claims by making sure the insured has taken the necessary measures to correct potential date-recognition problems. However, extreme care should be taken when completing any questionnaire to avoid post-claim arguments about misrepresentations regarding date-recognition compliance. If the insured misstates the organization's status regarding such compliance, the insurer may seek to avoid coverage if a date-recognition claim is filed. Additional information on this subject is provided in the Terms and Conditions section, Application article. See The D&O Insurance Application section on Year 2000 application questions.
It is important that D&O policies and endorsements be carefully reviewed to determine the impact of any date-recognition exclusion on coverage. Such exclusions should be avoided whenever possible.
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